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Compounds · Semaglutide · continued

Semaglutide half-life: where the 165 to 184 hour figure comes from — what changed since posts 61–90

This is a continuation of a long topic, addressed by post number rather than by page. Start at post 1.

IW
i.wojcikTL212 Dec 2024#61

Post #58 is the version of this I will quote in future. One addition.

The C-cell question: semaglutide triggered medullary thyroid carcinoma in rodent toxicology studies. A signal in rodents does not automatically appear in humans, but it is the reason the compound is contraindicated in people with personal or family history of medullary thyroid carcinoma or multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2.

3 likes 20mo
BE
bench_entryTL3Regular13 Dec 2024#62
g.haaland, post #27: Post #26 is the version of this I will quote in future. One addition. An observation about Semaglutide half-life that I cannot explain and am posting anyway, on the principle that unexplained observations are more useful public than private. Go to post

Semaglutide's structure is a modified backbone with a C18 diacid attached through a spacer. The acylation is the reason for the long half-life and it is also the reason a plain sequence comparison against native GLP-1 is misleading about how the molecule behaves.

That is the version I use. It may not be the version that is correct.

11 likes in reply to #27 19mo
JF
j.falkTL215 Dec 2024#63
se.okafor, post #48: The mass figure differs between sources because of how the different entities report it. The monoisotopic mass of the bare peptide is one number; the mass including the acylation is another. Different sources emphasise different details. A single observation, in a thread that deserves better than single observations. Go to post

Semaglutide half-life is well covered in the tag pages, and the older discussions are better than the recent ones because they were argued out properly. Worth twenty minutes before adding to this one.

33 likes in reply to #48 19mo
V
VPoulsenTL3Regular16 Dec 2024#64

Reading back through, this was answered upthread and I missed it. My fault.

0 likes 19mo
FL
f.lindholmTL218 Dec 2024#65

The SELECT trial changed the positioning because it was the first cardiovascular outcome trial in people without diabetes. That decoupled the cardiovascular argument from glycaemic control, which is why it mattered beyond its own numbers.

The answer changed when I changed how I was measuring, which was informative.

7 likes 19mo
IL
integrator_logTL3Regular19 Dec 2024#66

On the injection-day question: the labelling for licensed semaglutide allows the day to be changed provided at least two days separate the two injections. That interval is not arbitrary — it is what stops two doses stacking inside one absorption window.

That is one dataset and I would not build a rule on it.

17 likes 19mo
BF
b.friskTL221 Dec 2024#67
an.kirchner, post #58: This follows post #57 rather than contradicting it. On alcohol: the labelling does not contraindicate it, but it raises gastric irritation risk and semaglutide already does that. There is no published interaction study and the conservative position is to limit it if you are titrating or if gastrointestinal symptoms are troublesome.… Go to post

I would put moderate confidence on the mainstream reading of Semaglutide half-life and no more. That is not scepticism for its own sake; it is where the sourcing actually stops.

0 likes in reply to #58 19mo
BS
buffer_sheetTL3Regular22 Dec 2024#68

Answering the question post #65 raises rather than the one it answers.

On Semaglutide half-life: the maintained page in the documentation commons covers the general case with citations and a review date, which is more reliable than any reply here including this one.

1 like 19mo
DV
d.vestergaardTL224 Dec 2024#69
h.bakker, post #1: Posting this under the heading it deserves: Semaglutide half-life: where the 165 to 184 hour figure comes from — what changed since Everything below is what sits behind that. Putting the numbers in the first post, because a question about a compound without them turns into a question about somebody's impression of it. semaglutide,… Go to post

On dose steps: the four-week interval in the pivotal programme was a trial design choice, and slower escalation was not studied. That means the evidence supports not going faster and says nothing at all about going slower.

That is what I would do. It may not be what is correct.

0 likes in reply to #1 19mo
D
DOdendaalTL3Regular25 Dec 2024#70
p.onwuka, post #16: Adding the measurement that post #13 says would settle it. Semaglutide versus liraglutide in STEP 8: semaglutide produced greater weight reduction and the discontinuation rates differed. But the trial was open-label for the dosing schedule, which admits expectation effects. Weekly versus daily itself is part of the comparison, not a… Go to post

If someone has run Semaglutide half-life properly I would rather read that than my own reconstruction of it. Posting mine only because the thread has gone quiet.

4 likes in reply to #16 19mo
BB
b.brandtTL226 Dec 2024#71
a.teixeira, post #7: Confirming post #4 from a second method, which matters more than confirming it from a second person. The mass figure differs between sources because of how the different entities report it. The monoisotopic mass of the bare peptide is one number; the mass including the acylation is another. Different sources emphasise different details.… Go to post

Coming back to post #67, because the follow-up matters more than the original answer.

An update on my earlier Semaglutide half-life post: the pattern held for another six weeks and then stopped, which I did not predict and cannot explain.

1 like in reply to #7 19mo
DM
d.magalhesTL2Member28 Dec 2024#72

Post #71 is right about the mechanism and I think understates the practical bit.

On identity confirmation: a mass close to 4113.6 Da on the intact molecule is consistent with semaglutide and is also consistent with several closely related species. Mass narrows the field; it does not close it, and no certificate should be read as though it did.

0 likes 19mo
RM
ra.mensaTL229 Dec 2024#73

The 165 to 184 hour half-life range gets quoted as a fixed number. It is a range across a studied population, and individual clearance varies enough that a person's own steady state may be reached earlier or later than the population average implies.

16 likes 19mo
M
MSaarinenTL3Regular31 Dec 2024#74

Semaglutide half-life is worth one more sentence than it usually gets, and the sentence is the one about how the number was arrived at.

6 likes 19mo
AM
a.molnarTL21 Jan 2025#75

Approved indications differ by jurisdiction and change. As of mid-2026 the weight-management indication is approved in many European jurisdictions but not all, and access is still narrower in others. For your own region, check the regulatory website rather than a forum summary.

The general answer and the answer for your case may diverge here.

0 likes 19mo
D
DSakamotoTL3Regular3 Jan 2025#76

Confirming post #75 from a second method, which matters more than confirming it from a second person.

An honest declaration on Semaglutide half-life: I have a prior here and it is strong enough that you should weight what I say downward. Stating it rather than hiding it.

32 likes 19mo
AW
am.wikstromTL24 Jan 2025 · edited#77

Post #75 describes the usual case. This is about the unusual one.

Injection site does not appear to matter much for semaglutide exposure. The published comparisons of abdomen, thigh and upper arm found differences small enough to be clinically unimportant, which is not true of every injectable.

11 likes 19mo
I
IbrahimoviTL2Member6 Jan 2025#78
p.onwuka, post #16: Adding the measurement that post #13 says would settle it. Semaglutide versus liraglutide in STEP 8: semaglutide produced greater weight reduction and the discontinuation rates differed. But the trial was open-label for the dosing schedule, which admits expectation effects. Weekly versus daily itself is part of the comparison, not a… Go to post

Solutions of semaglutide can look faintly opalescent without anything being wrong. Visible particulate, fibres or frank cloudiness are a different observation entirely and are worth raising with the supplier rather than reasoning about.

3 likes in reply to #16 19mo
RR
r.restrepoTL27 Jan 2025#79
m.yilmaz, post #24: Adding what did not work for me on Semaglutide half-life, since the failures never get written up and they are half the useful information. Go to post

Discontinuation rates in the trials are worth reading alongside efficacy and almost never are. A large mean effect in a population where a meaningful fraction stopped early is telling you two things, not one.

I have said this before in a thread nobody could find, so it is worth repeating.

6 likes in reply to #24 19mo
ML
m.lindqvistTL28 Jan 2025#80
resistance_first, post #6: On post #2 — agreed on the reasoning, with one qualification. On the "does it stop working" question: tolerance in the pharmacological sense is not what the withdrawal trials show. What they show is that the effect persists while treatment continues and reverses when it stops, which is a different finding with different implications. Go to post

Semaglutide versus liraglutide in STEP 8: semaglutide produced greater weight reduction and the discontinuation rates differed. But the trial was open-label for the dosing schedule, which admits expectation effects. Weekly versus daily itself is part of the comparison, not a confounding variable to be removed.

The uncertainty is in the assumption, not in the calculation.

1 like in reply to #6 19mo
SL
s.leclercTL4 Moderator10 Jan 2025#81
cannula_trace, post #43: Research-use-only semaglutide is not a licensed medicine, is not manufactured to pharmaceutical standards, and is not approved for human use. That is a statement about what it is, not a coded opinion about anything. Happy to expand any of that if it is the useful part. Go to post

What I would tell a new member reading about Semaglutide half-life for the first time: the confident posts are not the reliable ones, and the reliable ones are longer.

16 likes in reply to #43 19mo
MI
m.ibarraTL211 Jan 2025#82

This is the answer, and the reason it is the answer is the more useful part.

32 likes 19mo
MH
ms_hollowayTL4Mass spectrometrist13 Jan 2025#83

Narrowing post #80, because the general version has more than one answer.

Research-use-only semaglutide is not a licensed medicine, is not manufactured to pharmaceutical standards, and is not approved for human use. That is a statement about what it is, not a coded opinion about anything.

0 likes 18mo
YA
y.adebayoTL214 Jan 2025#84

Everything in post #83 holds. The case it does not cover is the one I have.

Albumin binding is not a unique structural feature and nothing in the class lacks it, but the reversibility matters. Semaglutide binds albumin covalently through a fatty side chain, which creates a very long half-life at the cost of sequestering the free form. That is a trade-off and it is the trade-off that allows weekly dosing.

3 likes 18mo
EF
endo_fellow_rkTL3Endocrinology fellow16 Jan 2025#85
n.okwuosa, post #36: Picking up post #35: that is the part I would want checked first. Two people in this thread mean different things by Semaglutide half-life and are disagreeing about the definition while believing they are disagreeing about the facts. Worth pausing to define it. Go to post

Taking post #84 at face value and following it one step further.

The oral formulation is a genuinely different pharmaceutical problem from the injectable and shares only the active molecule. Absorption enhancers, fasting requirements and a very different bioavailability mean dose numbers do not translate between the two at all.

11 likes in reply to #36 18mo
RE
r.ekstromTL217 Jan 2025#86
z.adeyemi, post #56: Semaglutide versus liraglutide in STEP 8: semaglutide produced greater weight reduction and the discontinuation rates differed. But the trial was open-label for the dosing schedule, which admits expectation effects. Weekly versus daily itself is part of the comparison, not a confounding variable to be removed. If that is already… Go to post

The 165 to 184 hour range: that is roughly 7 to 7.6 days, which is why the weekly schedule works. Below 4 half-lives you are not approaching steady state yet, which is the pharmacological argument for the four-week step interval.

Nothing above should be read as advice about what anyone else should do.

24 likes in reply to #56 18mo
TH
TL4_HalvorsenTL4Leader · Journal club18 Jan 2025 · edited#87

The 165 to 184 hour half-life range gets quoted as a fixed number. It is a range across a studied population, and individual clearance varies enough that a person's own steady state may be reached earlier or later than the population average implies.

The disagreement above is smaller than it looks once the terms are fixed.

0 likes 18mo
CA
c.amankwahTL220 Jan 2025#88

I read post #86 twice before replying, because I had assumed the opposite.

Solutions of semaglutide can look faintly opalescent without anything being wrong. Visible particulate, fibres or frank cloudiness are a different observation entirely and are worth raising with the supplier rather than reasoning about.

1 like 18mo
SB
s.bergstromTL221 Jan 2025#89

This follows post #88 rather than contradicting it.

Albumin binding is not a unique structural feature and nothing in the class lacks it, but the reversibility matters. Semaglutide binds albumin covalently through a fatty side chain, which creates a very long half-life at the cost of sequestering the free form. That is a trade-off and it is the trade-off that allows weekly dosing.

30 likes 18mo
TN
t.ndiayeTL222 Jan 2025#90
r.ekstrom, post #86: The 165 to 184 hour range: that is roughly 7 to 7.6 days, which is why the weekly schedule works. Below 4 half-lives you are not approaching steady state yet, which is the pharmacological argument for the four-week step interval. Nothing above should be read as advice about what anyone else should do. Go to post

Worth separating two things that post #86 runs together.

The SELECT trial changed the positioning because it was the first cardiovascular outcome trial in people without diabetes. That decoupled the cardiovascular argument from glycaemic control, which is why it mattered beyond its own numbers.

0 likes in reply to #86 18mo